A Better M The King James Bible - 854 Words

A Better Man: As written in the King James Bible, chapter 5 verse 8 in first Peter it talks about to be sober, be vigilant, because your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour. Therefore if I resist the devil, meditate on your precept and consider your ways. I will live a prosperous life and have good success. The Bible also says in the book of Joshua. There shall not any man be able to stand before thee all the days of thy life: as I was with Moses, so I will be with thee: I will not fail thee, nor forsake thee. The Word goes on to say†¦.. The Bible tells us in the book of Joshua chapter 1:8. This book of the law shall not depart out of thy mouth; but thou shall meditate therein day and night that thou mayest observe to do according to all that is written there-in: Meditation according to Merriam-Webster Dictionary means the act or process of spending time in quiet thought. My experience shall be to trust and obey the Lord Jesus Christ . Study the word of God and to meditate unto Jesus day and/or night. I recently dedicated my life to Jesus. The first step was acknowledging that Jesus died on the Cross for me. To pay the price for my sins, so I can be saved by the grace of God. Resist the devils impure thoughts, lustful acts, and all things not by the grace of God. Receive instruction from God’s mouth and establish his words in my heart. I’ve chosen to attend Bible College at CCU University. I know God has anointed me. He has calledShow MoreRelatedEssay on Death or Life1061 Words   |  5 Pagesto get information, The bible states an eye for an eye. Meaning a life for a life, and Going against your morals because you dont feel that justice was served is wrong. Although we do it how can we justify our mistreatment of a person to get additional information or satisfy our personal views because of the punishment, Because one commits a crime does not justify us committing a crime. In some instances we use horrible techniques to get information, The bible states an eye for an eyeRead MoreThe Significance Of The Identity Of Immanuel1397 Words   |  6 Pagesthe theological viewpoints regarding the true identity of the child and the future of the Davidic Kingdom without the corrupt King Ahaz. The meaning of almah and the use of text by both Isiah 7 and Matthew 1:23 will additionally be explored by providing theological documentation to the true meaning. Theological documentation will be cited as this is explored to gain a better understanding and defend my view point of this ongoing controversy. Background of Passages The gospel of Matthew, states, â€Å"â€Å"TheRead MoreSalvation : God s Children1391 Words   |  6 PagesAnd if you do not do well, sin waits at the door. It lusts after you, but you can dominate it. So if we translate that to our current, modern lifestyles and era, if one is privileged to do well, then they will do so and eventually things will be better for ones person. If one does not do good, then sin will want to be partners with that person; in the end, one has the power to control what they do and ultimately, you and only you can choose to do good or bad. Another way in which people of the JewishRead MoreEssay on The Connection Between Christianity and Homophobia1047 Words   |  5 Pagesmembers (brothers, sisters, cousins, etc.) are less likely to judge someone on their sexual preferences(Wolff, J. R., Himes, H.L., Kwon, E., Bollinger, R. A., 2012). People who are raised in better accepting environments are also a lot less likely to be anti-gay than those who are not.(Chonody, J., Woodford, M. R., Smith, S., Silverschanz, P., 2013). A good example of someone raised in a more accepting environment would be Daniel Radcliffe for he once said, â€Å"Realising that other people have a problemRead MoreSlavery Of The South : Biblical Demonstrations Essay1328 Words   |  6 PagesAbraham Lincoln regarding slavery and the slave trade, the South Americans were adamant about this idea, to the point where they used religious texts to justify their actions . This study debunks all their arguments, using the same books, especially the Bible. Firstly, the whites in South America claimed that they were the superior race. As such, they argued they had a right to rule over the other mankind. These included the Blacks, Latinos or anyone else other than them. A keen observer will notice thatRead MoreCorporate Fraud And The Effective Management Of Accounting And Finance Functions1679 Words   |  7 Pagesmurderers of fathers and murderers of mothers, for manslayers, For whoremongers, for them that defile themselves with mankind, for menstealers, for liars, for perjured persons, and if there be any other thing that is contrary to sound doctrine; (King James Version). Drawbacks of Deontology Though deontology is often viewed as the Christian world-view ethical response (Geilser, 2010, p.17), this theory has also been characterized as being error-prone and biased. In her work, Van Staveren statesRead MoreThe School Bathroom Of All Places By Robert Oliver Newman Jr. Essay1095 Words   |  5 Pageseither. The thing about race to me is that I sometimes feel like I m in the middle. On one hand, I don’t like the white race for what they did to us during slavery. They separated us by color, and today we do the same thing. You know the old adage, separate and divide that is the black race still with our ancestors mentality. White folks feel they are superior. It is their god given right for them to believe they are better than everyone else. They are taught this by their parents. Look backRead MoreSodom and Gomorrah: Pick and Choose Essay1031 Words   |  5 Pagesthe book of Ezekiel states a few of Sodom’s sins:†Pride, fullness of food, abundance of idleness: neither did she strengthen the hand of the poor and needy.†(Ezekiel 16:49-50) These are the reasons Sodom and Gomorrah was destroyed. Homosexuality or better yet Rape was one of the sins of Sodom. When God sent his two Angels to Sodom to warn Lot that Sodom was to be destroyed the Angels stated to Lot they would sleep in the square. Lot insisted that they stay with him. After the Angels were in Lot’s homeRead MoreEnglish 112 Essay1677 Words   |  7 PagesBaby from the Genes Up? Ronald M. Green proclaims his approval of genetic selection and extraction of human genes. He gives reasons that support his outlook on the matter, that this will be useful to civilization. Ronald M. Green is in violation of several ethical codes, with his view on genetic modification. I am against genetically modified humans, and I will explain to you, why this is my stance on the subject. First, I will summarize exactly what Ronald M. Green says in his article aboutRead MoreThe History Of The Oil Industry1265 Words   |  6 PagesThe history of the Oil Industry Oil makes up over â…“ of humanities primary energy supply. The production of oil, especially the refining of it is has a huge impact of on the modern day world. Oil has been collected and used since Old Testament Bible times. Oil or petroleum is naturally found in various countries including in and around the United States of America. There are many men who can be linked to the beginning of the American oil industry, but out of all of them the most famous, if not

Essay on Home Schooling - 1063 Words

Home Schooling The debate over home schooling has been a hot topic for many over the past few years. Home schooling can be defined as, â€Å"to teach school subjects to one’s children at home† (Merriam-Webster Online, 2003). However, the main debate is not over whether or not children should be taught at home; rather, the question debated is if home-schooled children are as prepared socially as those children who are traditionally schooled. Although opponents of home schooling claim that children who are educated at home do not develop their social skills at the same rate as their peers who attend traditional schools, research findings indicate that students who are home-schooled develop socially at the same rate as those who are†¦show more content†¦It is further believed that the self-concept of the home-schooled child suffers from the lack of exposure to a more traditional environment (Aiex, 1994). However, according to research, these stereotypes are just that; they do not portray the truth about home-schooled children. Children who are home-schooled do gain the necessary skills and attitudes to function in society. Through instruction at home, the students learn the essential information needed to partake in social activities within society at a similar rate as those students in conventional schools. Julie Webb (1989) was one of the only researchers who examined the adult lives of home-educated people. Of those studied, Webb found that all who attempted higher education were successful, and that their socialization was often better than that of their traditionally schooled peers (Aiex, 1994). This research proved that students who are schooled at home do in fact develop the necessary skills to perform well in society. Although the home-schooled students develop their social skills at the same rate as those traditionally schooled, home-schooled students do not partake in the same amount of social interaction with other children of the same age. In fact, home-schooled children spend more time with people of different ages. Whether it is through support groups, scouting, churches, volunteer work, tutoring, mentoring or other activities,Show MoreRelatedHome Schooling908 Words   |  4 PagesEducational System but rather than make an attempt to help fix these problems, parents take it upon themselves to educate their own children and â€Å"fix† them. This alternative form of education known as Home School gives parents the opportunity to teach their children as they see fit. However, this method of schooling can prove to be more harmful to the child rather than helpful. It’s no secret that most parents want what’s best for their children. Well, at least what’s best for them according to the parents’Read More Home-Schooling Essay1333 Words   |  6 PagesHome-Schooling At least once in a child’s lifetime they wish that they were home-schooled instead of attending a public school. Imagine how nice it would be to have school right in your own home. It was stated that in the year 2001, over two million children were home- schooled in the United States (#1 Home Schooling Information and Software, 2003). This number continues to increase each year. Some believe home-schooling gives a child more attention and ensures a more intimate and personalRead More Home-Schooling Essay882 Words   |  4 PagesHome-Schooling Whether or not to home-school your children is a controversial issue for thousands of parents every year. Do you want to let your children go out on their own or keep them safe at home where you can monitor their development? Many parents choose to home-school their children and there are plenty of arguments for and against this decision. When it all comes down to it the decision will be based on the socio-economic status of the family, as to whether they can affordRead More Home Schooling Essay1247 Words   |  5 PagesHome Schooling Each year, homeschooling becomes more popular. â€Å"According to The Parent Survey which was published by the National Household Education Surveys Program, in the spring of 1999, approximately 850,000 students were being homeschooled (Ramirez, 2003, para. 1). In the year 2001, over one million children were being homeschooled. It is obvious, based on these statistics, that parents homeschool their children for different reasons including religious beliefs, problems with the schoolRead MoreHome Schooling Essay2497 Words   |  10 Pageseducation...Home schooling is now clearly more sophisticated than classroom education. We have more (and better) resources to draw upon. We can adapt the latest technology more quickly† (Price, 1994). Home schooling in itself provides an alternate, yet effective means of learning. Technology acts as an effective means of enhancing home schooling, through which instructors and students make use of online resources and emerging technologies t o support their educational curriculum. Home Schooling as AlternativeRead More Home Schooling Essay759 Words   |  4 PagesHome Schooling1 Homeschool Children Homeschooling was practiced until about 150 years ago, when schools were established as educational institutes. Nowadays, homeschooling begins to develop and become more widespread again, because the school system is claimed by many people to be failing due to the typical educational plans that bring up stereotype groups of children with the same background. Accordingly, a minority of people preferred to follow homeschooling, which is teaching childrenRead MoreHome Schooling : The New Way847 Words   |  4 PagesHome Schooling: The New Way Home schooling children seems to be taking the place of the traditional classroom, and for many reasons. Statistically, there are about 2.78% of children in the United States being home schooled. California having the highest rates at 193,144 in the year of 2015, and Connecticut having the lowest rates at 1,792. (Zeise 1) Children seem to enjoy the aspect of staying at home while getting their education, but are they seeing the big picture? Three major developments thatRead MoreHome Schooling Is A Good Idea880 Words   |  4 Pages You may be asking yourself, how did home schooling begin? What was it like? Well, in the 1970’s and the 1980’s home schooling began to spark. A few parents question whether public or private school was right for their child. They were thinking they could do a better job. Well, what do you know; parents learned they could do a better job. However, some states, prohibited home schooling. If parents or guardians were home schooling, they could face jail time as well as losing their children to theRead MoreTaking a Look at Home Schooling1329 Words   |  5 PagesHome schooling is a type of education that takes place in the home; it can be defined as parents or a small group of students from a community studying an academic curriculum at home or any confined place either for personal reasons or any other purpose. It has been a controversial choice for education and has been opposed by many in the past since the early twentieth century as it was illegal in most states. Home schooling topic which was not even considered earlier is now being regarded salientRead MoreEssay on Definition of Home Schooling1622 Words   |  7 PagesDefinition of Home Schooling What is home schooling? Home schooling is defined as a â€Å"provision of compulsory education in the home as an alternative to traditional public/private schooling – often motivated by parental desire to exclude their children from the traditional school environment† (Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), 1999). Parents homeschool their children in many different ways. The techniques vary from traditional ways of teaching using textbooks, to community activism

Swot Apple Case Study Free Essays

While competitors do everything they can to keep costs down, Apple does what It can to make Its products deferent. In 2007, for the third year In a row, Apple was named as The Most Innovative Company by Businesslike. ; Strong leader. We will write a custom essay sample on Swot Apple Case Study or any similar topic only for you Order Now CEO Steve Jobs is â€Å"a legend for his design sense†. He is essential to the promotional aspect and public relations of Apple, especially when it comes to the pod. He is the â€Å"public face and champion of the brand†. He is also an expert when it comes to talking with the press, maintaining relationships with magazine editors, and creating new relationships. Jobs has the ability to think of Ideas that he is extremely passionate and energetic about and is always ready to share that idea to gain exposure. * Customer relationships (responsiveness to customer feedback). This ties into Steve Jobs’ strong leadership as he takes action in response to customer feedback to show that the brand is listening and concerned. * Brand Exposure. Part of Apple’s marketing strategy is Its retail stores. Apple has opened more than 200 retail stores located worldwide. Apple’s retail stores contributed an estimated $200 million, 15 to 16% of Its profits during the past two years. The reasoning behind the stores is the belief that the more people can touch an Apple product and see also offer free group workshops, personal training, and personal assistance for Apple customers. * Strategic partnerships with well-known brands: Apple has created marketing agreements with Volkswagen of America, Burton Snowboards, Nikkei and Struck. This ties into consumer confidence as well as exposure through marketing partner advertisements. * Product design and features. Products that show superior qualities, that are easy to use and that have a high quality format, but mainly that show a clear product differentiation. * Strong financial performance: throng sales and potential growth, strong cash flows, an increasing net income, decreasing debt and controlled inventory. Weaknesses * Profit per song is low: Even though tunes is simply used as a means to boost the sales of pods, phones and Apple TV’s, Apple makes only approximately 10 cents per * Unpopular Apple TV features: users are not able to download a movie from song. Tunes directly to their TV; they have download it to their PC first. Apple TV requires a HDTV, but the movies that can be downloaded are of such low resolution that the picture looks fuzzy and old-fashioned, and lastly, it has no DVD drive. Hard time finalizing contracts with move studios because of pricing disputes. * Struggle with maintaining good supplier relationships. Many companies have expressed frustration working wit h Apple because Steve Jobs is very clear on his vision for his products and can tend to be controlling. Incompatible software in computer and digital music format. * 1% of the global cell phone business. Opportunities * Brand exposure through retail stores. * International growth and expansion. Apple is pursuing opportunities to sell the phone globally. It already has partnership agreements with cell phone carriers in France, Germany, and Great Britain. It has also entered the Middle East and Africa regions, ranking fifth next to Monika, Research In Motion, ETC, and Motorola. Apple is also trying to penetrate the Japanese market since it is one of the world’s largest and most demanding mobile phone markets with almost 100 million mobile phone users. * Expansion in product line. Apple is trying to expand its product line to include media and software in addition to hardware. * Expansion in customer base. Apple is also trying to reach many different consumers rather than its traditional of tech- savvy consumers. Improvements in compatibility. * Improvements in strategic partnerships. Apple needs to search for more strategic partnerships and better its relationships with its suppliers so effective agreements can be reached. * Growth in new user segments Threats * Competitors’ threats. Realizations sought a price war with Apple by dropping the price to $0. 49 per song and $4. 99 per album compared to Apple’s price of $0. 99 and $9. 99 respectively. Realizations also launched technology called Harmony, which allows Realizations users to translate songs purchased from Relapse music to be played on Microsoft formats. Wall-Mart launched its own online music store and is currently the number one music retailer in the nation, followed by * Technology and entertainment industries are constantly and rapidly tunes. Changing so Apple has to find a way to keep its reputation related to innovative design. * Threat of start-up companies and competitors. The risk of new entrants is high in the player and music service businesses as well as in the mobile phone market, particularly from large, established consumer electronics companies, such as Cassia, Sony and Toshiba (for players) or from on-line companies like Yahoo and Microsoft or retailers like Virgin Music (for downloads). Given the attractiveness of these markets, new competitors are likely to enter because of low barriers to entry. The notable acceptance and profit made by RIM’s Blackberry demonstrate the potential of new entrants to increase rivalry. Due to the success of the phone and the Blackberry, other producers will undoubtedly attempt to imitate their appealing features and functional applications in order to create customer value and compete effectively with their own smart phones. In addition, Apple’s exclusive use of Cingular/AT;T does not prevent the phone service provider from entering potentially harmful agreements with the company’s competitors, such as its threatening relationship with rival Palm. * Apple’s dominance and relative power in the music industry (as well as Jobs’ reputation for control) may build resistance among film producers who are accustomed to maintaining their own levels of control over content. * Price sensitivity. The company’s entrance into the mobile communications industry with the introduction of its phone has placed Apple in another highly competitive industry, where several large, well-funded, and experienced competitors operate. Price sensitivity on the part of consumers is very strong, and rivalry is especially fierce in this market. * A close look at Apple’s competition reveals that the company is confronted by aggressive opposition in all areas of its business. The markets for consumer electronics, personal computers, related software and peripheral products, digital music devices and related services, and mobile communication devices are intensely competitive. They are characterized by rapid technological advancements, which have substantially increased the abilities and use of PC’s, digital electronics, and mobile communication devices. As a result, a variety of new products with competitive price, feature, and performance characteristics are being introduced into the marketplace. Price competition in Apple’s main product markets has been particularly fervent. Continuous downward pressure on Apple’s margins as it is common for competitors selling personal computers based on other operating systems to aggressively cut prices and accept lower product margins to gain or maintain market share. * Other than price, key competitive factors in the computing market include product treasures, relative price/performance, product quality and reliability, design innovation, availability of software and peripherals, marketing and distribution capability, service and support, and corporate reputation. As the industry and its customers become more reliant on Internet connectivity, alternative (even substitute) devices are becoming increasingly smaller, simpler, and less expensive than traditional PC’s. These devices compete for market share with Apple’s desktop and content providers to offer integrated solutions that produce more value or exclude Apple from access to content. How to cite Swot Apple Case Study, Free Case study samples

Health Care System of UK and USA

Question: Identifying the main points of comparison between the healthcare systems in the UK and the country you have chosen? Answer: Comparison and contrast among the health care system of UK and USA: Introduction: Health care aspects in the countries like United Kingdom and United States are a significant portion. Development in the field of health care throughout the country is an essential concern for the government of the nations. Health care development is not only necessary for the betterment of the country at large but it also imposes future prospects as to improvements to the higher level of endeavor and achievements. Health sector mainly concentrates upon the physical betterment and the diseases from the social phenomena are to be eliminated to what extend it could be. Development in field of medical science and health care not only strengthen the base of the country but it also empowers the future generation as to a fit and powerful social phenomena (Haugen, 2008). UK Healthcare System: The Health care systems throughout the nation of the United Kingdom is an upgrading essence from the period of when it consists of England, Wales, Northern Ireland, and Scotland, which is included their personal systems of overtly financed healthcare by themselves (Will and Moreira, 2010). As a result, a array of dissimilarity subsists in the midst of these systems, as a result of each area having unlike strategies and chief concerns (Chamberlain, 2009). In the year of 2014, the Commonwealth Finances Mirror, follow on the world explanation, which situation the peak eleven first global healthcare systems, situated the UK as first on the complete taking first put in the subsequent cataloging: Superiority of care (that is coordinated, safe, patient leaning sub-categories effective,), accessibility to mentality, Effectiveness Impartiality. The system of United Kingdom had located second just four years prior in the report made in the year of 2010. 2011 was the year of collective expenditure on healthcare was just about 7.8 % of the coarse conjugal product of the United Kingdom, which were previously 1.1 per cent over the organization for the monetarily practicable collaboration and spreading out standard and with allusion to 1.4 per cent on apex of the average of the European Union. The total expenses of GDP on the healthcare system, collectively with the privatization, in United Kingdom are 9.4 per cent, drastically a slighter amount than equivalent financial system similar to Canada (11.2 per cent), France (11.6 per cent), USA (17.7 per cent), and Germany (11.3 per cent) (Krishna Regmi, 2013). Figure 1: Region of United Kingdom Healthcare System Healthcare system of USA: A lot of healthcare associations promote social and health care for the public of the USA. Numerous privatized sector institutes provide a variety of types of conveniences as to the healthcare within the territory of the country. As figures signify that, there are 58 per cent of hospitals that provides health care services for the people without any profit. There are 21 per cent of associations those are only owned by the concern government (Ghana - Ministry of Health collaborates with Hocking College, USA, 2012). As per the negotiations of World Health Organization, as a result, United States spends 8,608 dollars, per capita. Consequently, the governmental authorities of the United Kingdom provide health assurance for the workforce of communal sector within the ambit of the organization. As a result, this nation spends a good amount of money for the health care sector of the organizations (USA - Patient safety organizations: building a safer healthcare system, 2010). Evaluation Contrast: Notwithstanding anything with the truth that these two states have put up the shutters on chronological and enriching bonding, but at what time it is concern about the health care system, these states are palpably disparate on health care emancipation and financial system (Rankin-Box, 2002). Universal health care together with a completely sufficient state owned health care system was a resolution of the government of Britain. These systems, identified as the National Health care System, acted in response by the populace of Britain with an instant prerequisite for a reassurance in relation to health care accessibility at the time it set up the operation in the year of 1948. Universal health care system is not open by the government of the United State, the stealthy health diligence, collectively with Medicare system; controlled vastly of the predictable progression in the way of the governed care movement. The populace throughout the territory of the United Kingdom is allowed to make access to the National Healthcare System, health care conveniences and given services that are sponsored by way of a general taxation. Even although health care accessibility is given and economically helped by the governmental authority of the United Kingdom, it is the general public in the way of taxation, who primarily pay compensation for the health care process of their own. The National Health care System arrangement glance for to notably involve the patients and precursor staff in its nearby future, yet the regulation of the complete National Health care System procedure in realism serves as an activity of the governmental bodies of the United Kingdom (Chamberlain, 2009). In the access by the United States as to the health care conveniences and health services are mostly paid for by a amalgamation of payers, employers, and patient contribution, it may be in public or private. The United State as to the health system depends upon the purpose and strategy manipulate of both public and private associations to function as an innovative, free market. Even though just about 44 per cent of the United State healthcare spending is overtly financed, fundamentally all financing initiated from private domestic in the form of payroll subtraction, taxes and contributions. The United States is essentially originated upon its assurance of privileges and freedoms to its general public. Official edification is measured and acknowledged as a right to all peoples in the United States. Figure: Comparison Conclusion: From the discussion of this assessment it can be summarized that health care system is a major matter concern for all the countries, especially developed countries like UK and USA it attracts a good quantity of concentration from the side of the government of the concern country. These two countries has developed to a very good extend in the field medical science as well as in the health care aspects. References Chamberlain, J. (2009).Doctoring medical governance. New York: Nova Science Publishers. Chamberlain, J. (2009).Doctoring medical governance. New York: Nova Science Publishers. Ghana - Ministry of Health collaborates with Hocking College, USA. (2012).International J Health Care QA, 25(8). Haugen, D. (2008).Health care. Detroit: Greenhaven Press/Gale. Krishna Regmi, S. (2013). Health Care Commissioning: The UK Health Policy Reforms.Prim Health Care, 03(02). Rankin-Box, D. (2002). Dilemmas in UK Health Care Dilemmas in UK Health Care.Nursing Standard, 16(39), pp.28-28. USA - Patient safety organizations: building a safer healthcare system. (2010).International J Health Care QA, 23(2). Will, C. and Moreira, T. (2010).Medical proofs, social experiments. Farnham, Surrey, England: Ashgate.

Red Bull Case free essay sample

The first segment it should enter is the ‘health conscious’ consumers. The ‘low calorie sugar-free’ version of red bull was less advertised before as it was considered wimpy but now for deeper penetration, it is important to launch and promote it in the market. Apart from that, in order to widen its market segment, new flavors and more variety should be introduced to capture new consumers because of the continuously ageing first generation and the ongoing challenge of recruiting a new generation of 16-year-old consumers each year.Also, Women between the ages 23-35 who wish to feel younger should also be targeted in such ads so that they do buy it and feel energized and feel younger. Though I personally think overall the tactics will prove successful for years to come, the mysterious quality surrounding the drink that has proven successful currently will forever play a part in increasing the brand equity of Red Bull. We will write a custom essay sample on Red Bull Case or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Ragtime and Blues Essays

Ragtime and Blues Essays Ragtime and Blues Paper Ragtime and Blues Paper Ragtime and Blues Ragtime and Blues are the two music styles that give Jazz her name and life. Ragtime and blues, which are generated and rose into popularity at mostly the same time of period, are usually considered as closely connected because of Jazz and yet are very distinctive music styles. They affect Jazz in different perspectives, such as Ragtime in the usage of syncopation, the swing feeling, and Blues in the composition form, the improvisation, and the Soul. Similarity and difference: What both Ragtime and Blues share is their Black regions. They are both a classic and important component of early Black popular music. Almost all commentators expressed their view that the originators of Ragtime were black, and even some believe that it was imported from Africa; and yet Blues was believed to start in slavery which involved with large population of African Americans. As Scott Joplin, one of the most influential Ragtime musician, stated, There has been ragtime music in America ever since the Negro race has been here. and this poetic statement would perfectly apply to Blues as well. Historically, ragtime and blues started and rose into popularity at basically the same time. Ragtimes huge popularity was abetted with the huge dimension of the print of Maple Leaf Rag by Scott Joplin in 1897. Almost the same time, classic blues like St. Louis Blues and Memphis Blues was composed by W. C. Handy. For a long period of time, specifically from 1890s to 1920s which was the time when Jazz becomes a dominant popular music style, ragtime was the typical popular music form in America. The popularity of Blues and Ragtime at early ages was strongly associated with the popular theater in late 19th and early 20th century. Even though ragtime and blues share the same origin and same historical path, they are indeed very different music styles, which determines their contribution to Jazz and make it a new and yet unique music. The definition of Ragtime is the music that signifying the broken rhythm, especially a sort of syncopation. Indeed, the word rag is a verb describing the syncopation process of the music. Syncopation is such a significant character of ragtime and it somehow efines the music style of ragtime. Part of the reason that helps determine the syncopation of ragtime is that ragtime is an instrumental based music genre. At early times, ragtime is dominated by piano, especially with great pianists like Scott Joplin and Ben Harney. And Blues, a more vocal based music, does not evidently engage with syncopation. Syncopation is the most important character that ragtime affects Jazz and some people believe that Jazz is a more complex form of syncopated music. Blues, often considered as a music that generated from slavery, was characterized ith the improvisation. Improvisation is defined as creating music on the spot. Improvisation is not only a distinctive but also a great character because never has any music genre in the history before is based on improvisation. Even ragtime is based on pre-written music. Jazz took on this character and developed into a even more complicated, spicy music on the spot with different instrument arrangement. Jazz took improvisation to another level from this great tradition in blues. As far as composition to instrument. Scott Joplin, the great ragtime musician mentioned arlier, was a classical trained piano player and the effect of classical music is obvious in his pieces. However, blues is more affected by its African origin. It is believed that one of the first blues was directly imported from African folk song. It is a very simultaneous music style and consists of a lot of elements of real life, such as the call-and-answer structure. It is also necessary to mention that the composition of blues like 12-bar blues and AABA structure greatly affect the composition of Jazz, especially at early ages. A lot of the early Jazz songs are in such structure, like the first Jazz recording ever, livery stable blues by Original Dixieland Jazz Band. Ragtime, characterized with syncopation and strong rhythm and beats, was created for the need of people to dance. However, Blues has very strong and evident emotions in the performance, especially with the great vocalists that convey those emotions through their great vocal performance. Bessie Smith, one of the best Blues vocalists of all time, combined the strong rhythm sense with an extremely sensitive eeling of pitch and thus convey them to the large audience. In a sense, Blues gives Soul to Jazz, with those emotions and tones of struggle. Evidently, ragtime and blues, the Black Music, struggle to make them merge into different classes, not only popular but also respected. From ragtime and blues, this kind of struggle carried on with Jazz and gives Jazz the identity, the structure, the tone and the soul. Bibliography Jones, LeRoi (Amir Baraka). Blues People: Negro Music in White America New York: Morrow 1963 Berlin, Edward A. Ragtime: A Musical and Cultural History. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980 Haskin, James. Black Music in America: A history Through its People. New York: Harper Trophy, 1987. Ragtime and the Blues: The First Age of Black American Music Carruth, hayden, Sitting In: Selected Writings on Jazz, Blues and Related Topics. Iowa City: Univ. of Iowa Press, 1986. Got Those Forever Inadequate Blues Tirro, Frank. Jazz: A History, Second ed. New York and London: W. W. Norton and Company, 1993. The Blues

Business Strategy of McDonalds Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 26

Business Strategy of McDonalds - Essay Example By combining its resources with its core competencies, McDonald's has actually achieved a combination of strategic options which allows it to dominate the market in which it operates. What is also critical to understand that it has been able to leverage its business strategy through its employees? One of the key success principles for McDonald's is to offer its products and services to employees which can deliver such services according to the established standards. To achieve this, McDonald's therefore has been able to develop its hiring and staffing process in such a manner that it is always able to attract the right type of employees to provide the required services at its restaurants. The sources of its competitive advantage, therefore, are the better product, quick delivery, effective service and highly trained crew members which deliver such services according to the standards developed by McDonald's. Strategic human resource management principles require that the firms must align their business strategy with that of the human resource strategy to achieve their strategic objectives. McDonalds’ seem to have been able to achieve the same through aligning its business strategy with its human resource and staffing strategy. To successfully align all three, McDonald has identified the key drivers of growth and believes that customer satisfaction- its key business strategy variable- can only be achieved through the efficient human resource. In order to achieve this alignment of both the strategies, it has been able to outline its key philosophy for motivating the employees and meeting their needs and requirements. By addressing the key requirements of their employees through providing them value, growth opportunities, resources, as well as defined career paths and compensation plans, McDonald's has been able to align its business strategy with that of its human resource strategy.

A Criminal Profiling Code of Ethics Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A Criminal Profiling Code of Ethics - Coursework Example As a component of the criminal exploratory procedure, profiling offers depth into crime scene examinations; the mannerism of a criminal is reflective of ones fundamental psychological process. In most instances, the outward show of a scene where a crime has been committed can also disclose vital information concerning the perpetrator's fundamental sociopathy, psychopathy, enduring personality or psychopathology. Profiling is also valuable when trying to find slight commonalities in successive crimes. It has not grown as a tool for identifying a criminal in a case; to a certain extent, it has developed as a way of providing depth to an entire investigation. Profiling assists in undertaking psychological assessments in cases of ambivalent death. In many instances, a profile can help investigators in creating the probability that the death was a consequence of suicidal, natural, homicidal or accidental origin. Profiling can propose new possibilities of investigation, hold up the working hypotheses of criminal investigating officers, develop a structure for cross-examination after suspect arrest, and aid the prosecution or defense in developing a case presentation strategy in the courtroom (R. Holmes, 2009; S. Holmes, 2009). There are a noteworthy number of ethical concerns raised by the need for profiling professionalization. There is no precise training or educational qualifications for one to be labeled a profiler. The absence of training or educational requirements also implies that there are no basic standards for the determination of proficiency; the need for competency standards promotes the failure to either sanction or discipline profiling practitioners who are incompetent or irresponsible. There is no juried structure for practice quantification, there is no conformity as to what the procedure of designing a profile involves, or what a profile should include, and there is no universally acceptable methodology for conducting the process of profiling. This means there is no scientific foundation on which profiling stands, as it cannot undergo analysis and its procedure cannot, as a result, be replicable. On the side of profiling practice, there are many ethical issues connected with the employing of psychological and personality theories as a way of influencing criminal investigation results. Profiling has been depicted by the press as a heroic or romantic occupation, probably ensuing in an inexact view of the role and life of a profiler. Consequently, the field might draw people who are less capable to proficient practice. When not convincingly done, profiling can lead to severe harm or inflict delays in the real resolution of a case by proposing wrong investigation directions. The hunt of suspects who fall in a typology proposed by the profiler which is extremely diverse than that of the real person responsible could also give rise to the arrest or implication of guiltless parties. Lastly, there are no officially acceptable ethical principles for the profiling practice (R. Holmes, 2009; S. Holmes, 2009). Relevance of Victimology to Criminal Profiling Victimology is extremely relevant in criminal profiling because it examines victims as involved in an asymmetric situation or relationship.   "Asymmetry" implies whatever event that is exploitative, unbalanced, alienating, parasitical, destructive, oppressive, or having inbuilt suffering.  For instance, vacationers got lost on one of the nation’s main freeway. Most of their dead bodies were later on found in the National Forest, in varying conditions of decomposition. Some made their trips as couples, others unaccompanied. They were both females and males, aged around 20 to 25. They were

Human Rights, Law and Police Ethics in Ireland and India Essay

Human Rights, Law and Police Ethics in Ireland and India - Essay Example And they have organised this close similarity in their belief and adherence to democratic values into operational institutions of democratic practice such as the legislature, the executive and the judiciary, each deriving its power and authority from the constitutions that the people, in their respective constituent assemblies, have given to themselves. A unanimous opinion of scholarly commentators is that both the constitutions provide for the 'rule of law'. "... every official, from the Prime Minister down to a constable or a collector of taxes, is under the same responsibility for every act done without legal justification as any other citizen and all subordinates, though carrying out the commands of their official superiors, are as responsible for any act which the law does not authorise as is any private and unofficial person." (A V Dicey, Law of the Constitution,: MacMillan, London, 9th ed., 1950, p.194). An American interpretation of the Rule of Law equates it with the separation of powers between the three branches of government. Thus in exposing the theme the popular internet encyclopaedia Wikipedia, says: "In American law, the most famous exposition of the same principle (of Rule of Law) was drafted by John Adams for the constitution of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, in justification of the principle of separation of powers: "In the government of this commonwealth, the legislative department shall never exercise the executive and judicial powers, or either of them: the executive shall never exercise the legislative and judicial powers, or either of them: the judicial shall never exercise the legislative and executive powers, or either of them: to the end it may be a government of laws and not of men." Massachusetts Constitution, Part The First, art. XXX (1780)" (from Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia, retrieved on May 25, 2006) Safeguarding the liberty of the individual citizen is a prime responsibility of the democratic state. The most effective safeguard of liberty is when 'government is a government of law and not of men'. To the extent that the rule of law prevails, to that extent also liberty has the chance of being safeguarded. Separation of powers is a necessary condition for safeguarding liberty; for, as Montesquieu said: "When the legislative and judicial powers are united in the same person or body of persons there can be no liberty; for apprehensions may arise that the same monarch or senate should pass tyrannical laws, to execute them in a tyrannical way. Again there is no liberty if the judicial power is not separated from the legislative and executive. Were it joined with the legislative, life and liberty of the subject would be exposed to the arbitrary control and were it joined with

Using Kanamycin Resistance Bacteria Essay Example for Free

Using Kanamycin Resistance Bacteria Essay Kanamycin is a common antibacterial that interferes with bacterial growth, by inhibiting protein synthesis, and causing the mistranslation of mRNA. Kanamycin is commonly used in chicken feed to keep harmful bacteria from getting into the eggs and producing healthier chickens. Recently reports of severe gastroenteritis have been linked to eating raw or undercooked eggs. This has led to the FDA to look for possible sources of contamination. Scientists have now isolated bacteria from batches of eggs known to cause the illness, and they found that the bacteria are resistant to kanamycin. The contaminated eggs were found to have come from three different chicken farms, Acme, Big AL’s, and Clucky’s chicken farm, that are geographically separate, and are in different states. The scientists also know that there are three different genes responsible for kanamycin resistance, and that these different genes codes for a certain enzyme that alters the kanamycin molecule differently. The enzymes are located between the inner and outer bacterial membranes, and act on the kanamycin after it passes through the outer membrane. The modification of the kanamycin molecule prevents it from being taken up by the inner membrane, preventing it from reaching the ribosomes. Therefore if any bacteria present has one of the three genes for kanamycin resistance, than kanamycin won’t prevent bacterial contamination (Hass C. , Woodward D. , and Ward A. , 2010. ). The purpose of this lab was to determine if there was a shared source of contamination for the three chicken farms, and to make recommendations for steps to prevent further outbreaks. The hypothesis is that all the chicken farms shared the same source of contamination. The guiding questions for the lab are what is the concentration of viable bacteria in the original samples from the three chicken farms? And what is the frequency of resistant bacteria in the original samples? Methods and Materials: This lab is broken up into four different sections. To begin section one of this lab you need to make sure that your lab area is sterile so that there is no contamination of the bacteria. Then each group gets a bacteria sample, and the letter represents which chicken farm the sample came from. Next each group should obtain six plates. Three have kanamycin, and are labeled with a K, and three unlabeled plates. Each group should then put the names of the groups’ member s, date, lab section number, letter of bacteria sample, and label one of each of the three sets of plates, K versus non K, 10-2, 10-4, and 10-6. Then label three, empty, sterile, microtubules with the dilutions, 10-2, 10-4, and 10-6 that will be made. Next using sterile techniques add 990 microliters of water into each microtubule. Afterward mix the bacterial suspension by gently flicking the microtubule, as shown by your TA. Then for each dilution factor, use 10 microliters of the bacterial suspension, and use this as the starting sample to make three-fold serial dilutions. For each dilution factor make sure to keep the bacteria well suspended by flicking the tube before removing each sample, and make sure that a fresh pipette tip is used for each dilution. Then use sterile glass beads to distribute the bacteria evenly on the agar surface of the 10-6 plate by gently swirling the beads in a circular motion. Then using the same set of beads for each plate transfer the beads from 10-6 to 10-4, then 10-2. Each group should then flip the dishes upside down and stack the three dishes together. Lastly tape the stacks together, and label the tape with your group member names, and section number. The plates should be incubated for approximately 24 hours, and then placed in a cold storage room until you are ready to count the colonies (Hass C. , Woodward D. , and Ward A. , 2010. ) For section two of this lab each group will be working as one group with the other groups at your lab bench. To begin you will collect the petri dishes that you prepared before. Remove the tape from the stacks and examine your plates for colonies. Each lab bench will have six tubes containing PCR mix. The orange, blue, and yellow tubes will have primers only, and will have some colonies added to them. The red, green, and pink tubes will have primers with the control plasmid so no colonies will be added to these tubes, as they will be used as positive controls. Second identify and number the antibiotic resistant plates labeled â€Å"K† which have colonies growing on them. Third, use a white pipette tip and dip it into a colony on the plate labeled number one, and dip that into the orange tube, and close the cap. In turn repeat this step using a new pipette tip each time for colonies two and three, in the blue tube, and the yellow tube respectively. Finally load all six tubes into the PCR machine, and you TA will help you run them. While the PCR machine is running each group can begin working on section three of the lab. To begin with each group will look at the bacteria plates, and count the number of colonies. If the colonies are distributed evenly in the plate then you can divide the plate into four quadrants and just count one quadrant and multiply that number by four. However if they are not, you must count all of the colonies. If there is more than 800 colonies on a plate record the number as lawn growth. Finally record the number of colonies for each plate and use these numbers to calculate the concentration of viable bacteria in the original sample, and the frequency of antibiotic resistant bacteria in the sample. In the last section for the lab each group will be using gel electrophoresis to run their bacteria DNA. Each lab bench will make, and run one gel electrophoresis per table. Once the gel is ready to be loaded, load five microliters of PCR DNA ladder into the first well, as a standard. This should be found in a tube in and ice bucket. Next add two microliters of 6x loading dye into the six sample tubes. The dye should be mixed in thoroughly by gently pipetting up and down after adding the dye. Following that you should load fifteen microliters of each sample into the following six wells. Since lane one will have the DNA ladder lane two starts the samples using the orange tube, then the blue, yellow, red, green, and pink tubes go into lanes three, four, five, six, and seven respectively. Once all the samples are loaded turn on the electrophoresis machine, and wait until the bromophenol blue tracking dye has migrated at least half the length of the gel. Lastly using gloves carefully remove the gel and carry it to the UV light box to view, and photograph the gel (Hass C. , Woodward D. , and Ward A. , 2010. ). Results: The results of this experiment show that the farms do not share the same plasmid that carries the antibiotic resistance gene. Table one shows the individual group data for the concentration and frequency of the antibiotic resistant bacteria. Table two shows the overall frequency of antibiotic resistant bacteria for code A which was taken from Acme Farm, for the section. Table three shows the section data for the overall frequency of antibiotic resistant bacteria, for all three farms, and which plasmid corresponds to that bacteria code. The results showed that for code A which was Acme farm, their resistant bacteria carried plasmid A. For code B, Big Al’s, and code C Clucky’s chicken farm, their resistant bacteria carried plasmids B, and C respectively. Figure A shows the gel electrophoresis picture for the bacteria code A. This figure shows that code A does in fact carry the plasmid A. Discussion:  Based on our data we can conclude that the three farms had different sources of contamination because the three farms all had different strands of resistant bacteria, as shown by the gel electrophoresis pictures from each farm. Figure one shows the plasmid that correlates to bacteria code A which came from Acme Farm. Based on the results shown in table 3 we learn that our hypothesis that all three farms shared a contamination source was wrong. The three farms each carry a different plasmid that is resistant to the antibiotic so their contamination sources must be different. The overall trends from this data are that there was an overwhelming amount of bacteria in almost every case for the 10-2 dilution factor, and the frequencies of viable resistant bacteria were low so that means there was not a lot of resistant bacteria. Some possible sources of error were the DNA samples were not placed properly in the gel so the electrophoresis was not as reliable, or a fresh pipette tip was not used for each dilution which would have messed up the dilutions. Additional experiments that can be done are use three different farms from the previous experiment and see if the same results are obtained. Our research was significant because it showed that there was not a common source of bacteria for the farms, and that bacteria can have multiple strands of DNA that could be resistant to an antibiotic. The significance of the guiding questions was to give practice calculating the concentrations and frequencies of bacteria. Doing these calculations also gave us an indication of how reliable or data could be based on the amount of viable specimen. Recommendations for the farms would be to figure out where the bacteria is coming from and find a way to keep it from the chickens, or to use a different antibiotic that has less resistant strands.

Definition Essay - Art is Anything -- Expository Definition Essays

Definition Essay - Art is Anything Merriam-Webster’s Online Dictionary[1][1] defines art as â€Å"the conscious use of skill and creative imagination especially in the production of aesthetic objects; also, works so produced.† This definition is inclusive of most forms of art. Unfortunately, art goes far beyond this limiting sentence. Art can be thoughts, aesthetic creations, musical compositions, or choreography. Art can be seen, heard, and/or felt. Art is concrete and abstract, at the same time. Art is expression and emotion. Art is anything. When trying to define art, humankind runs in to many difficulties. Traditional concepts of art include painting, sculpture, drawing, and photography. Art can also be one simple thought. The abstract idea of creativity is art. Imagination is art. Words are art. Simplistically, art is anything an individual creates. A painter with a lifetime of formal education in oils, acrylics, and watercolors, is just as much an artists as a three-year-old with a pot of red finger paint. By creating, one creates art. ...

It’s up in the Air, or Is It Essay

The article elaborates on how individual sociological imagination can connect social structure to life history. In this case, sociological imagination refers to understanding of individual behavior as the product of historical processes that affects a person’s social environment. The rules of social structure are considered to restrict the conduct of individuals and also mould outcomes for them. However, students are not able to see the connection between individual action and structural outcomes. In sociological imagination, social structural explanation can be used to answer the several questions of social stratification. It is evident that other forces than individual characteristics shape the outcome and distributions of societal rewards (Renzulli, Aldrich, Reynolds, 51). Organizations help to reduce inequality in the society by allowing prospective entrepreneurs from different social origins to access to wealth-generating assets. In order to show how social structure of society shapes the results for individuals, the students can be engaged in a multiple rounds of coin tossing game. The game will also include some rules and regulations to be followed. The results of the game will be highly predictive on how the social structures mould the outcomes of individuals. From the distribution of the coins, the students will realize that inequality and personal prosperity are not the result of personal characteristics (Renzulli, Aldrich, & Reynolds, 56). The alteration of the rules of the game will help the students to see how real world processes generate inequality in the community. It is clearly acknowledged that, structures and rules affect a person’s ability to access an opportunity regardless of his or her talent. However, some improvements have to be done on the game in order to give the best results to the students. Therefore, coin tossing game can be used to effectively demonstrate how sociological imagination increase student understanding of the social world.

Role Set Analysis

?Role Set Analysis is a method that helps people to think through what is expected of them and they could clash and cause other issues. This method helps managers to check whether or not they are using time effectively. It compares existing procedures with current priorities. By using this method it can help to show what the end objective of the job being analyzed should be. There are many advantages of using the Role Set Analysis. It is easy to apply or update, it assists managers to ask certain questions of themselves about their priorities and objectives. It can also work with a group or team to see if the activities that are being done need to be changed and lastly, it can be used for a entire department or organization to make sure they have the correct resources in the correct places. This process uses a market research approach to a particular job. The data that is collected consists of the expectations of the main individuals or groups that communicates with the person. The main question that needs to be asked is â€Å"What do others expect from me? † instead of â€Å"What should I be doing? † The first step is to accomplish is to identify what the main elements in the role set are. The next step is to combined the data and the pressures into a logical form. This is done by creating a flow chart to make it easier to review and understand. Once this is completed, the next step is to that the time and priorities that are allocated to each element in the role set is in line with what is actually needed. This can be done effectively by keeping a daily log of what their daily tasks are for a couple of days. This information can be compared with what is being reviewed for change. This information will help to ensure that the analysis that has been created is going to be effective.

Command of Evidence 5 Key SAT Reading Strategies

Command of Evidence 5 Key SAT Reading Strategies SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The new SAT challenges students to understand the reasoning behind each answer they pick. Command of Evidence questions are a manifestation of this mission. In order to answer them, you have to carefully evaluate your thought process and the evidence presented by the author of the passage. This article will focus on the evidence questions on the Reading section of the SAT; we have a separate article on Writing questions (coming soon). In this guide, I'll tell you exactly what these questions test, what kinds there are, and how you can learn to answer them correctly every time! What Are Command of Evidence Questions? These questions are a new feature of the SAT Reading and Writing sections in 2016. There are 18 Command of Evidence questions on each test that span the two sections, and you'll get a subscore out of 15 based on how many you answer correctly. Here's a raw to scaled score conversion chart provided by the College Board: As you can see, Command of Evidence is one of sevensubscores,which were created to give students a clearer picture of their academic strengths and weaknesses by delving deeper than the section scores or cross-test scores. You can read more about the scoring of the new SAT here. What Do Command of Evidence Questions Test? This article will deal with Command of Evidence questions on the Reading section exclusively (see our Writing-focused coming soon). Thesequestions will ask you to: Identify the best textual evidence for your answer to the previous question. Identify how authors use evidence to support their claims. Examine how data supports claims made in the passage. On questions where you have to find the best textual evidence for an answer, each choice is a different quote from the passage.These questions ask you to confront the reasoning behind your answers directly.They’re also unique because the answers to two sequential questions are tied to one another.Looking at the evidence choices can help you answer the first question correctly, or answering the first question correctly can lead you to the appropriate evidentiary quote. In questions that ask you to identify how the author supports his or her claims, you have to use a similar thought process, although these questions stand alone.Again, the answer choices are quotes from the passage, but this time you have to identify the quote that best supports an argument made by the author rather than an answer that you’ve given to another question. These types of evidence questions are rare, but they still come up once or twice on every test. Command of Evidence also encompasses some of the Reading section's new data interpretation questions.You’ll be asked which claim is best supported by the data presented in a graph or chart (or whether the data supports the authors claim at all). Overall, thesequestions test your ability to think analytically about how certain conclusions are supported. They'rea part of the SAT’s shift towards testing more practical skill sets.It’s important to learn how to think this way before you get to college and the professional world so that you can do effective research, make compelling arguments, and read with a discerning eye. I’ll provide examples of all three types of Command of Evidence questions in the next section so that you have a better idea of what to expect! On the new SAT, you must have an eagle eye for evidence! Eat at least two small rodents before the test to keep your energy up. Examples of Command of Evidence Questions There are three types of thesequestions on SAT Reading. We'll go over what each one tests and walk through a sample question. Question Type 1: Paired Find the Evidence Here’s an example of the first type of Command of Evidence question.This question challenges youto find the best evidence for your answer to the previous question. I’ll give you the relevant paragraph from the passage first.For context, before this paragraph, the author describes the flaws in North American public transportation systems that have led people to choose cars instead: What’s interesting about these types of questions is that you CAN’T answer the find the evidence question until you figure out what the previous question is asking.Upon reading this paragraph, how would you describe its focus without looking at the answer choices? The main point of the paragraph is that public transportation can be just as convenient and comfortable as driving your own car, as evidenced by sophisticated public transportation systems around the world. Let's look at the answer choices: Choices A and D have too narrow of a focus. They don’t describe the main point that the paragraph is trying to get across.Choice C is an irrelevant answer because the paragraph doesn’t specifically advocate changing American public transportation systems to match these models.Choice B appears to be the best answer for question 14. But we’re not done looking at question 14 yet! Question 15 asks us to reconsider why we chose B.Why did we decide that the main point of the paragraph was consistent with the statement â€Å"some public transportation systems are superior to travel by private automobile†?On the old SAT, you could just say â€Å"I dunno, that’s what I felt like the main point was. I don’t have to EXPLAIN myself to you,† but that’s not gonna fly this time. Oh, you don't want to find the evidence? Well I found the evidence of the little party you decided to throw last weekend, how do you like that Chad? Let’s look at question 15's answer choices: Choices C and D reference lines that elaborate on the main point but do not directly establish it.Choice A is a bit trickier to rule out because the main point is related to the fact that public transportation doesn’t have to be inconvenient.However, there’s no concrete information that establishes the main point in that sentence. If you look at it in isolation, there’s no evidence for the main point of the paragraph.The most compelling evidence is the second sentence.It’s a clearly defined topic sentence that sets the stage for the rest of the paragraph.Again, choice B is the correct answer! Question Type 2: Find the Author’s Evidence These evidencequestions are not paired.Instead, they ask which piece of textual evidence most strongly supports a point made by the author.This one applies to another excerpt from the same passage we looked at for the last two questions: Here we’re just looking for the line that most directly backs up a certain idea, in this case, the idea that use of electronic devices and use of public transportation are compatible.This is a question that is pretty simple to answer if you read carefully and aren’t rushing through the test.The only answer choice that references electronic devices in conjunction with public transportation is choice B, lines 63-67.All of the other choices are virtually irrelevant to the idea expressed in the question. I love the magic rectangles. Share this blog post if you agree. Question Type 3: Data-Driven Evidence You’ll also be asked to explain what conclusions can be drawn based on evidence in chart or graph form.Here’s one of the charts that was included with the public transportation article we’ve been looking at and an accompanying data-driven evidence question: This question is also pretty straightforward, but it has a little bit of a tricky twist to it.Choices B and C are clearly incorrect. There’s a much higher number of employed than unemployed people using public transportation, and people employed outside the home make up a much higher percentage of public transportation passengers than homemakers. Choosing between A and D is the tricky part.Choice D turns out to be incorrect because of the words â€Å"less often.†There’s no way of knowing from the data how OFTEN these different types of people use public transportation; the data represents the numbers, not the frequency of use.Choice A is the correct answer because it’s the only one that’s verifiably accurate based on the chart.10.7% of public transportation passengers are students, and only 6.7% are retirees! Should we take the bus? Nah, let's drive there, but make sure you go painfully slow. I like having a long line of cars behind us because it makes me feel just like the president if the secret service hated him and actually wanted him dead. Want to learn more about the SAT but tired of reading blog articles? Then you'll love our free, SAT prep livestreams. Designed and led by PrepScholar SAT experts, these live video events are a great resource for students and parents looking to learn more about the SAT and SAT prep. Click on the button below to register for one of our livestreams today! 5 Tips for Answering SAT Reading Evidence Questions Now that we’ve gone through the different types of Command of Evidence questions, I’ll provide a few tips for answering them in the most efficient and accurate way possible. #1: Make Predictions For either Paired Find the Evidence or Author Evidence questions, try to make a prediction about the answer before you read all the quotes in the choices.It’s best to formulate an idea of what the answer should look like before confronting the choices.This makes it less likely that your thought process will be disrupted by the suggestions you’re given. For example, in the first sample question, you would think about which part of the paragraph led you to the conclusion that the main idea was â€Å"some public transportation systems are superior to travel by private automobile.†You might already be able to predict that the second sentence of the paragraph provides the most compelling evidence for this claim without seeing the answer choices. #2: Mark the Passage It can be hard to separate the quotes you’re considering as evidence from the rest of the passage, especially if they’re embedded in longer paragraphs.To make it easier on yourself, try underlining each of the potential pieces of evidence that you’re given in the answer choices.This will help you to adopt a more focused approach and see sharper connections between the evidence and your answer to the previous question (or the author’s point in the passage). Sometimes making the right connections isn't so easy. For example, I don't think I've ever successfully put together anything involving these types of cords. #3: Look for Synonyms The most important thing with evidence questions is finding a direct link between the support and the claim.Look for answer choices that contain synonyms to terms or concepts mentioned in the question or in your answer to the previous question.Usually, this indicates a strong evidentiary connection. For example, in the second question we looked at, the â€Å"personal electronic devices† mentioned in the question are mirrored by the â€Å"iPads, MP3 players, Kindles, and smartphones†cited in choice B.This answer was the best evidence because it had the most direct connection to the conclusion laid out in the question. #4: Read ALL the Answers It takes a little more time, but you should always read every answer choice before making a final decision on these questions.You’re looking for the best evidence or the most accurate conclusion.Don't make the mistake of choosing an answer that’s not quite right because you were too quick to commit!Be methodical in your decisions so that you aren't taking any unnecessary risks. Don't get lazy! #5: Digest the Data If you see that charts or graphs are included with a passage, take a minute to look at them and make sure you understand what they represent before you tackle the questions.Making quick judgments as you answer questions can sometimes lead to errors, especially if you’re not as comfortable with data interpretation. Geta solid idea of what each figure represents so that you feel more comfortable drawing conclusions later. Conclusion Command of Evidence questions are new to the SAT this year.There are three different types of questions that fall into this category on the Reading section: Paired Find the Evidence: Choose a quote from the passage that directly supports your answer to a previous question Find the Author’s Evidence: Choose a quote from the passage that directly supports a conclusion drawn by the author Data-Driven Evidence: Interpret evidence presented in the form of charts and graphs and draw appropriate conclusions These questions ask you to analyze your thought process more explicitly to determine why you answered questions a certain way and why your conclusions (or the conclusions of the author) are valid.They force you to get into the nitty-gritty of reading comprehension. Some strategies I’d recommend for approaching these questions include: Predicting the answer before reading the choices Underlining evidence in the passage Looking for synonyms between the claim and the potential pieces of supporting evidence Reading all the answers before making a final decision Understanding the figures before looking at data-driven questions These questions are new, but they’re not necessarily more difficult than anything else you’ve seen on the SAT in the past.They dispel the dangerous illusion of subjectivity for SAT Reading questions by showing you that there is direct evidence for every answer.If you practice identifying direct evidence and avoid making assumptions, these questions may help you to become a better SAT test-taker overall! Get out there and use your newly-found powers to become a test-taking champion (trophy not included). What's Next? Advanced vocabulary knowledge used to be a pretty big part of the SAT Reading section, but things have changed in 2016. Read this article to find out how to study vocabulary for the new version of the test. Taking the SAT with the (now optional) essay? Get the low-down on how the prompts have changed and what you can do to earn a great score. The new SAT has a new scoring system, which means you should have a different target score. Learn more about how to adjust your goals based on the scoring parameters of the updated test. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Reading lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Social Learning Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Social Learning Theory - Essay Example This is the focus of Bandura's social learning theory. It is already noted that Bandura was responsible for the bobo doll studies, where an egg-shape balloon with a weight in the bottom was used, which bobbed up once knocked down (Rosenstock, et al., 1988). The experiment suggests that children imitated what was done on the doll (hitting, punching, and shouting at it) without waiting for any reward. This is where social learning theory is based, an observational learning or modeling (ibid). It suggests that both the environment and psychological factors create a kind of behavior that an individual acts upon. It states that individuals, especially children, learn and act according to what they see in the environment, which are based on imitation. They become socialized within such environment, pursuing a modeled behavior. It is then significant to point out that since children imitate values, actions, and social behavior modeled to them, it is thus, better that these actions and values are good and correct in order for them to act as val uable social beings. The social learning theory has a continuous reciprocal interaction among behavioral, cognitive, and environmental influences. It points to us the relevance of observing and modeling in order for an individual to imitate a perceived appropriate social behavior. It has extensively been applied to understanding aggressive behaviors and how an individual may be influenced to trail the path of aggression. The two teens who have shot and killed a tourist at an interstate rest area are said to have modeled a behavior on their environment, which is aggressive and geared toward taking the act lightly. Hence, the two teens have certainly seen this action as "cool" and "not a big deal," which likely emphasizes the same environment in which they function. It was not an overnight behavioral learning, but did require certain forms of modeling, which they perhaps acquired from watching violent television shows, playing violent computer games, being engaged in gang riots, reinforced by frequent liquor intake and prohibited drugs. Their environment signifies that such action may be committed and gotten over with quickly, in which they are unconscious of the consequences. The two youngsters themselves are representations of their own environment in which they model violent and decadent behaviors. Just like the bobo doll experiment in which the children who participated did the same unlikely acts d emonstrated to them on the doll without thinking if the act is correct or otherwise, the two teens did the act out of a modeled behavior. This modeled behavior was not just simply acquired from a pigment of imagination, or out of a queer idea, but from the same modeling, which they have been seeing around and in which they were frequently exposed to. Moreover, they are active players in this environment. The imitated behavior may in fact did not allow the teens to analyze if the act of killing the tourist was right or wrong, having internalized the behavior in their own confederates and even the mass media - which support the behavior and which they perceive as normal (if not bad) and "cool" among adventurous people. Television commercials and computer games are few of the most pervasive examples of social learning situations nowadays.

Group project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Group project - Assignment Example Sending its customers birthday and gift cards and referring to them by their first names helps in creating a family atmosphere that makes the customers feel appreciated (Tierney & Kuby, 2008). In cases where the airline inconveniences its customers such as delayed flights or lost items, the company is quick to inform the clients and apologise on the spot if need be, in addition, the company also issues free tickets and other bonuses to customers that it has inconvenienced. In the case of delayed flights, the company also keeps the customers busy through a number of activities, which are fun and enjoyable to them. The company has also ensured the quality of their flights is of the highest standards, for instance, in the flights all its seat are made of leather in addition to full size cabins majority of which are fitted with WIFI connectivity, live and video-on-demand TV that are absolutely free to its customers. The safety of flights within the airline is also among its priorities, this is evident from the time that the airline has gone without a major accident. During flights, southwest airline offers free non-alcoholic beverages to its customers with alcoholic ones being offered at a small fee; in addition, it is one of the few airlines in the world that offers Dr Pepper to its customers. The company is also known to give peanuts or pretzels to its clients in all flights in addition to Nabisco snacks. This high quality of customer service has led to the airline being honored for its excellent ratings by the department of transportation; excellent customer ratings are determined by the number of complaints directed towards a certain airline and the lower the number of complaints the higher the ratings for customer satisfaction. Southwest airlines has scored excellently in these ratings with it having the lowest number of complaints since 1987. The company has a reward

Argue that Medea exhibits symptoms of a person suffering from bipolar Essay

Argue that Medea exhibits symptoms of a person suffering from bipolar disorder - Essay Example tica’ to win Jason’s love, and in ‘Medea’ when Jason leaves her to remarry; she turns violent and kills her own children to take revenge on Jason. This act of killing her own children has left so deep an impact on human psychology that filicide is referred to as ‘Medea syndrome’. However in a modern context if we take a closer look at the character of Medea we will find that in her deep anguish, melancholy and her abnormal love for Jason she epitomized all the symptoms of the medical condition that we now know as ‘bipolar syndrome’. Thus Medea is a character that is not to be hated and prototyped as anti-social and an outcast, but it is much to be pitied upon, in her loneliness and in her lovesick melancholia that wreaked havoc on her mind. This article will explore the traits and symptoms of bipolar disorder and relate it with the extreme behavior that Medea exhibited, as portrayed by Euripides in his play ‘Medea’. What is bipolar disorder? Bipolar disorder is a psychological condition where there are great mood fluctuations, from being happy in one moment, to becoming extremely depressed in the very next minute. So this is also a sort of mood disorder. As Peacock tells us â€Å"people who have bipolar disorder experience extreme changes in mood, energy and behavior. They alternate, or switch, between two opposite emotions†¦their mood repeatedly alternates from extremely happy, or high, to sad and hopeless†¦.people with bipolar disorder cannot control their mood changes† (Peacock, 5). People with bipolar disorder swing from, being excessively happy which is known as the manic phase, to being greatly depressed. During the manic phase the patient is restless, full of energy, excited and also irritable. During the depression phase, they have a constant feeling of hopelessness and unhappiness which makes them dull and listless. So people with bipolar disorder are on an emotional r oller coaster ride perpetually, either they are soaring high above

Municipal Solid wastes at National level Essay Example for Free

Municipal Solid wastes at National level Essay India is one of the largest countries in the world whose multifaceted socio-economic progress occurred in the last 50 years since its independence in 1947 (Gupta, et. al. , 1998). Indian population is second largest in the world with 856 million in 1991 (Gupta, et. al. , 1998) and 1,027 million in 2001(COI, 2001). The country has an average annual growth rate of 1. 3% (Gupta, et. al. , 1998). The growth of the nation is shown by its rapid industrial and economic growth both in the public and private sectors. This has contributed to the changing of the general lifestyle of its people. Soon enough, they have begun to espouse an urban lifestyle (Jha et. al. , 2007). This drastic change in the lifestyle of the people of India triggered an increase in the production and consumption of all sorts of products. It further spawned additional economic activities – new or innovated products and services – that led to an overall great rise in the volume of wastes generated by the city (Sharholy et. al. , 2007; Jhaet. al. , 2007). Even the packaging of products has undergone an evolution. After all, these are all natural consequences of the city’s growth. Indeed the city has grown both in size and population. The number of territorial divisions has increased from 30 in 1919 to 155. The population has similarly increased from 5 lakhs in 1921 to approximately 42 lakhs. The increase in the city’s area is from 27. 6 sq. miles in 1921 to 174 sq. kms. (COC website) Several studies in the past (Bhoyar, et. al. , 1996; Esakku et. al. , 2007; Rathi, 2006) reveal that the composition of MSW in Indian cities have recorded higher percentages of earth and inert materials (35-52%), varying degradable matter (35-84%) and lowest recyclable material (10-20%) (Jha et. al. , 2007) and there has been a gradual increase in total MSW over the past several years in Chennai (COC, 2004). The increasing amounts of MSW have been causing problems that governmental agencies have been attempting to solve. The extent of the problem, which covers threats to the health and welfare of the people and the environment, just seemed to keep growing and there were no conclusive solutions in sight (Srinivas, 1998). With environmental concerns on top of the government’s agenda, the key area which needs an extensive importance at present is the MSW Management (MSWM). The system of garbage disposal and management poses a great challenge to the municipalities and the magnitude of which is not felt much, involves heavy cost, but derives only less concentration (Bhide and Sundersan, 1983). Chennai in past 20 years has shown increasing growth in population (Table 5; Figure 31), also there is substantialgrowth in industrial sector resulting in increased quantities of waste generated in the last 12 years (Table 1) (COC, 2004). MSW in Chennai, like in most other Indian cities is collected and dumped at open landfills. Ecologists and environmentalists around the world term this improper dumping technique, and argue that such open dumping of garbage poses serious health hazards and also disturbs environment leading to ecological imbalance, habitat modification and deterioration of species (Kansalet. al. , 1998; Sharholy et. , al, 2007). A study by Das et. al. (1998) show that about 90% of the wastes generated is disposed of by way of open dumping in landfills and such practice causes serious environmental and human health hazard. The quality of land, water and air also get deteriorated because of dumping at open landfills. They in turn influence an increase in leacheate percolation of environmental pollutants from garbage into naive environment, polluting the wetland and groundwater of the adjacent areas (Sharholy et. al. , 2007). Chennai Wards and Zones Chennai is divided into wards and several wards are grouped together as zones. There are totally 155 wards (Table 2, Figure 2) and 10 zones namely Tondiarpet (Zone I), Basin Bridge (Zone II), Pulianthope (Zone III), Ayanavaram (Zone IV), Kilpauk (Zone V), Ice House (Zone VI), Nungambakkam (Zone VII), Kodambakkam (Zone VIII), Saidapet (Zone IX), Adyar (Zone X) (Figure 3). Zone V (Kilpauk) is the largest zone with an area of 25. 62 sq. km and a population of 542,132 and Zone VI (Ice House) is the smallest zone with an area of 8. 24 sq. km and a population of 341,805 (Table 3) OK. Why does this matter? How does this relate to your overall question? Should this be in your introduction? MSW in Chennai Chennai is under enormous stress for a controlled MSWM and this is predominantly due to uncontrolled urbanization (Lakshumi et. al. ,2006). MSW handling and disposal in Chennai is jointly performed by Corporation of Chennai and Neel Metal Fanalca Environmental Management Private Limited (Figure 3), private-public participation. This is the second time Corporation of Chennai has joined hands with a private concern to collect and dispose MSW in Chennai (COC, 2004). Expand, why the second? What happened during the first? Earlier CES Onxy, a private MSW collection and disposal industry, handled disposal of solid wastes in three zones (zone VI, zone VIII, and zone X) in Chennai, where they cleared approximately 1000 tons/day of MSW between year 2000 and 2007 (COC, 2004). Onyx charged Rs. 1,212/ton (~$30 USD) of garbage cleared. After the contract period with Onyx, Corporation of Chennai called for fresh bid for tender towards solid waste management for the three zones; Kodambakkam (zone VIII), Adyar (zone X), and Ice House (zone VI). The Corporation has also planned to privatize fourth zone namely Pulianthope (zone III) (The Hindu, 2007). OK Chennai shows high quantities of organic wastes among the MSW collected everyday, primarily vegetable and fruit wastes collected from areas in-and-around the marketplace (Ramakrishnan, 2005) and in most other part of Chennai paper predominates MSW (Jhaet. al. , 2007). But with increasing consumerism, the amount of wastes produced has also been increasing and if this trend continues then the generation of waste would soon outnumber the rapid increasing population. Moreover, as the dumping sites and landfills are also nearly filling up, Corporation of Chennai is on the look for alternate dumpsites and effective MSWM techniques like recycling of wastes (Jha et. al. , 2007). Composition and Sources of MSW Reports from Corporation of Chennai show that organic wastes (food wastes, green wastes, timber) are of greater quantity among the MSW composition than other wastes (Table 4a). Also the main source of MSW waste is generated by the residential (Table 4b) (COC, 2004). Dumping grounds in Chennai Chennai has two open dumping grounds namely Kodungaiyur, which is the north Chennai and Perungudi in South Chennai (Figure 5). 1. Kodungaiyur dumping ground Kodungaiyur dumping ground is located within the city limits (Figure 5, 6 7). It is rectangular and has a total area of 350 acres, where 65 acres is owned by Corporation of Chennai while 285 acres is owned by Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board (CMWSSB). The soil type is clayey alluvial flatland. The dumpsite came to operational in 1980. The daily waste disposed from zone I-V at this site was 1600 to 1800 tons. The maximum life expectancy of Kodungaiyur dumping ground is until 2010 (COC, 2004; Jha et. al. , 2007) 2. Perungudi dumping ground Perungudi dumpsite is located outside City limits in South Chennai (Figure 5, 8 9). Perungudi dumpsite is also rectangular with a total area of 600 acres owned by CMWSSB. The dumpsite area is a wastewater disposal marshy land made of silty-clay alluvial soil. Perungudi dumpsite came to operational 7 years after Kodungaiyur dumping ground became operational and has a life expectancy until 2010. About 1500 to 1800 tons of garbage from zone VI-X is dumped here (COC, 2004; Jha et. al. , 2007). MSW Collection Chennai Municipality (Figure 11A) and Neel Metal Fanalca (Figure 11B) employ sanitary workers or sweepers who are either permanent staff or daily-paid temporary workers (Figure 10) who sweep and remove solid waste, like paper, plastics, organic debris, construction wastes etc every day. They sweep about every 50 meters of the roadside before they gather solid wastes on the adjacent roadside. Sanitary workers from Corporation of Chennai or private organizations engage in door-to-door domestic collection (Figure 12) of segregated and/or non-segregated solid wastes (both biodegradable/non-biodegradable and recyclable/non-recyclable) from residents, streets, roadsides and arterial roads in rotomould bins (Figure 13) and tricycles (Figure 12). The solid wastes thus collected in wheel barrows or tricycles are carried to the nearest collection point or collection depots (Sharholy et. al. , 2007). The MSW collection process includes either primary collection and/or the secondary collection. Primary collection of segregated and/or non-segregated wastes involves the transportation of wastes from the collection point to the nearest transfer station (Figure 14 15) or NGO-run recycling units through Light Motor Vehicle (LMVs) or compactors and this technique involves manpower completely in the collection process (Sharholy et. al. , 2007). Whereas in the secondary collection process each MSW collection worker is assigned with work schedules and work areas (COC, 2004) who transfer the accumulated garbage from collection points by way of compactors and tippers, and ferried to the disposal site where they are dumped (Sharholy et. al. , 2007). In many parts of Chennai, a small portion of the waste generated everyday lie around the garbage bins without being collected (Figure 28) and the collected portion is taken for disposal. The efficiency of collection of solid waste can be equated to the amount of garbage collected from the streets to the disposal sites divided by the total volume of MSW generated during that period. Studies made reveal that the two main aspects that contribute to MSW collection efficiency are manpower and transportation facilities (Sharholy et. al. , 2008). Segregation REWORD On an average, the city generates around 3,200 tons of garbage and 500 metric tons of building debris daily, of which recyclable and biodegradable waste would be approximately 40-45% and 40-45% of building debris and the rest non-biodegradable MSW (Sharholy et. al. , 2007; COC, 2004). If this 40-45% of recyclable and biodegradable wastes is removed, the life expectancy of the landfill would substantially increase and this is possible only with source segregation. Source segregation of MSW in Chennai has been a quest for Corporation of Chennai (Malarvizhi, 2007). Although they made efforts in few areas, as part of a pilot study, to improve awareness and segregate wastes at source (Figure 16), yet source segregation technique in Chennai is far to reach common public (Malarvizhi, 2007). On the contrary, few NGOs are also participating in source segregation awareness program and actively helping Corporation of Chennai in door-to-door source segregation programs (Malarvizhi, 2007). Some residents segregate their wastes into dry and wet wastes. Few others also dump the organic wastes in small pits where organic waste get decomposed, converted to compost and used as fertilizers (Rathi, 2006). Also to add, rag pickers play an active role in segregation of wastes, where they segregate wastes into paper, plastic, wood and metals before these are sold in recycling market for money (Figure 17) (Rathi, 2006).

Causes Of Deterioration In Building And Their Services Construction Essay

Causes Of Deterioration In Building And Their Services Construction Essay The main purpose of this report is to discuss causes of the building deterioration, effective maintenance program for buildings and with building repair in an attempt to overcome such common building problems. In addition, it also highlights cyclical, planned and reactive maintenance programs and principles of repair. Then we have discussed about how the design, construction and maintenance affect to the buildings dilapidation. 2.0 causes of deterioration in building and their services Substructure and superstructure is the main part of any kind of building (low rise, mid rise and high rise buildings). When we talk about the superstructure, many services include in there. Such as electricity, telecommunication system, water supply system and etc. also superstructure is give the beauty of the building and substructure gives the strength to the building. Now we check how the maintenance programs connect for above things. All the materials are we used for the construction decay with the time being. So, if we do not consider about or not pay attention for those materials, our building may be decay faster. That is why need for the maintenance program for every and each building. This maintenance system is very essential for the building. If we do not care maintenance for any building, that particular building not is safe for the people who live or work in there and people not feel willing to be there. Also that buildings life duration may decrease. So there have many deterioration factors. Therefore we must careful about the maintenance of the building. Appraisals can assess various properties of buildings and elements, the two most related ones being strength and durability. Strength reflects the ability of a structure to carry present and future loads, while durability refers to a duration over which the structure will be serviceable. This deterioration effect for the building structure and for the building services. Building structure mean walls, floors, roof and etc. then services mean electricity, water supply and etc. now let we discuss what are the deterioration factors and how they effect for the building and their services. Faulty of construction directly affect to the deterioration. During the any construction, there have many things to do. Such as dig the trenches, make the foundation, put the concrete, frame work, masonry work and etc. so those al the works should be do according to particular specification and drawings that create from architectures and engineers. This specification and drawings shows the clear, protective and efficient path for the building. If supervisors not using this specification correctly, the whole construction going wrong. So that will cause for the deterioration of that building. As s example, let us assume the specification says the trenches must be 2m depth. But workers may dig only 1.6m. So that is an error. That error will cause for deterioration of that building. It means, after some time left that foundation may be corrupted. In that case, lack of supervision also affects. If supervisors do not supervise workers well, workers will do the works according to their will ingness. So it means, supervision also should be having standard level. This supervision and using specifications factors also affect to the building services. If the electrical supervisor work without the specification and drawings that may be very dangerous. So that is the building service deterioration. This same to the other services also. Such as water supply, telecommunication system and etc. But sometimes, some are failure to understand or follow the specification and drawings for their duties. This factor also affects to increase the building and building services deterioration. The lack of skill labor will also cause for this matter. In this case, there may have good supervision, accurate using of specification and drawings. But without the skill labors, which works (concrete works, electrical, water supply etc) are cannot do correctly. Therefore that will cause to the deterioration of building and their services. Faulty of the materials will affect to building and building services deterioration. Construction materials and services are the two categories of materials. Cement, sand, aggregate and etc are the construction materials and electrical wires, pipes, lights, switches, air conditions, showers, taps and etc are the building services materials. Actually, materials will directly affecting to the building deterioration. If construction materials (cement, aggregate and etc.) are not in slandered level, we cannot expect the maximum lifetime of the particular building. Also, if we using not suitable building services materials (taps, lights and etc.), we could not get the good services from that building. Sometimes, client may not have small amount enough money for his project. At that time he rejects some specific sub standard materials and then he reapply some low quality materials for that particular instead material. That will be one situation we use low quality materials for the construction. Contractor also do this because for his advantage. It means, standard materials are cost than the low quality materials. Therefore contractor may use those low quality materials. Inadequate supervision also affect to this problem. Because of, sometimes supplier will decrease the quality of the materials. As an example, supplier will supply low quality sand for the project. So that will affect mainly for the plastering deterioration. Sometimes supervisor also does not care about what we receiving from the supplier. As an example, if supplier bring the bricks for the site. That bricks may be not in a standard level. So, if supervisor is not check those bricks that also are the building deterioration. Lack of Storage facility also affect to the faulty of materials. In this case, supplier supplies the good materials. But site may not have well storage to store the materials. As an example, if there have taps, air conditional units and etc things and there have not good storage facility, those materials will damage or materials quality will decrease. According to above factors and examples, we know faulty of materials will affect directly to the building and building services also. Moisture is the most common cause for building deterioration. Moisture is more effect to the building. Not for the building services. Moisture is required for all such actions. Therefore, keeping building materials in a dry state will greatly reduce the rate of deterioration. Because of the moisture is help to some harmful growth. if plants are allowed to take root in buildings, they can cause severe cracks, not only in masonry, but also in concrete. Therefore plaster will try to crack. Also Conditions under which wetting and drying take place are the worst for the durability of building materials. Chemicals cause for the building deterioration. In this section only the common chemical types will be discussed. Atmospheric carbon dioxide reduces the alkalinity of concrete and will lead to depassivation of steel reinforcement. Chlorides will also lead to such reduction in alkalinity, and also promote electrolytic corrosion processes in both reinforced concrete and steel.Sulphates can attack the concrete itself, causing cracking and weakening in foundations.sulphates and chlorides can also get into concrete through polluted mixing water. Also, some chemicals must not use for the building repairs and things. Such as caustic soda should not be used because they contain soluble salts which likely can cause serious damage to walls, particularly of stone. Structural form also one of the main factor among the building deterioration. Nature of response of the structure will depend on the form of loading, direction of the force. In the traditional form of construction, due to limitations of the strength of constructional materials, the spans of narrow spaces which resulted in a well tied structure. Hence, deterioration due to form of the structure was low. The structure would hold large amount of weight without losing the structural stability. In comparison, the modern structures where large modules of construction begin. So range of physical movements increases rapidly. The numbers of joints are now less with large spans of construction. Flexibility of traditional structure has been replaced with hardly. The form of structural design should have a connection with the working patience and quality of construction force. For example, use of trusses to get free space on the ground that these trusses are exactly plumb and in a straight line. The stability of all joints depends on the truss plumb and in a line. With the movement towards slim and tall structural elements there is a corresponding increase in slenderness percentage. The modern design criteria for brick work for load bearing walls has been developed around concepts of required thickness in relation to height and length. However, the quality of plumbness and quality of joints in the brickwork is expected to be excellent which unfortunately it is not. Above factors causes to create stress and then that stress will distribute stresses cracking. Therefore structures lifetime may decrease. Then we have to repair those cracking. So, that will be additional problems in maintenance. Affect of the atmospheric for the building deterioration is various for the country to country, provision to provision and area to area. Wind, rain, sun and etc are some atmospheric elements in this world. Therefore, we have to make decision about suitable substructure and what materials use for that and what kind of materials use for the superstructure according to the atmospheric elements of the site area. Because various materials reaction to the atmospheric elements from different ways. As an example, steel is expanding with the heat. So, when we use steel structure for any particular building, we have to consider about that factor. If we did not consider it that will be cause to the obstacle during and after the construction. Also it will disturb to the maintenance of that building. It means, the maintenance cost may go increase. Mostly the superstructure is uncovered for the external environment. Walls and roof is the main part of the superstructure. So, superstructure will face to the all atmospheric elements. Therefore there have enough probability to decay the walls, roof, doors and windows. Among the superstructure factors, the most sensitive factor is external fabrics and finishes. Because external fabrics and finishes will reaction highly with atmospheric elements. As a result of that, fabrics and finishes may be chip with the time. So it is the one kind of building deterioration. Also, the external fabrics and finishes are showing the beauty of every building. So, there must have good maintenance program for the superstructure to control the deterioration of the atmospheric elements. Heat will help accelerate all deterioration processes. In addition, heat can cause expansion and subsequent compression when the heat source is lacking. Such thermal movements can weaken materials with low flexible strengths such as masonry, and cause cracking. Heat can also weaken some waterproofing materials, and cause them to lose their flexibility or even to crack. It will increase with especially in combination with direct solar radiation. Cleaning also directly affect to the building and building services deterioration. This cleaning system should be doing in a proper way. Otherwise that may cause to increase the deterioration of the building and building services. When we live or work inside the any building, there should have well environmental. So there must have good cleaning system. Therefore, routine cleaning operation must be a good level. But all the cleaning systems are not routine. Sweep, mop and etc are some of the routine cleaning things. If the routine cleaning operation not going a proper way, the building may unclean quickly. Mostly floors and walls may face to that. Cleaners may not have good idea or pre experience about the cleaning and cleaning materials and techniques. So they will use incorrect cleaning materials and or techniques. As an example, if any cleaner do not know the technique to clean the air condition unit or clean the escalators correctly and but he try to do that duty that air condition unit may break and escalator may be damage. So that will affect to the building services deterioration. Also if we not using the specialist man to clean the water supply system in building, that also harmful for the water supply service of building. Also, if there have not cleaver supervision for the cleaning system, that also will case for the building and building services deterioration. Because, cleaners not doing always their cleaning duty accuracy. Therefore, always requires the well supervision for control the cleaners and the cleaning system effectively. Then we can decrease the building and building services from the deterioration. 2.1 need of planned, cyclical and reactive maintenance program for buildings Cyclical Maintenance of the building is very important thing to protect the building from various deterioration factors. Therefore the cyclical maintenance program plays a major role for reduce building deterioration. Some buildings that do not care building maintenance may fall into several defects which may lead to structural failures. Any inspections carried out by either architects or surveyors should include checking for any signs of abnormal deterioration, cleaning out gutters of leaves or harmful growth, checking lighting conductors, cleaning out all voids and spaces and changing tap washers. To secure the general structural stability and life of a building, it is important to regularly inspect not only the main structural elements including foundations, walls and roofs. Depending on the nature work of maintenance and repairs, the program of cyclical maintenance may be divided into two main categories. Those are day today maintenance and maintenance involving builders works. The day today maintenance includes work which can be dealt by building owner without the need to employ outside labor. This consists of cleaning leaves from gutters, down pipes and drainage channels, removing plant growth from walls and checking ventilation. In addition, fire detection systems should also be checked as well as windows, doors and electrical system. It is advisable to ask cleaners to report any defects they note such as broken windows, leaks in roof, falling pieces of masonry and lime dust from spall of plaster. The second category, which is maintenance involving builders works, is best carried out on an annual basis by a builder who has knowledge of and sympathy towards the construction of buildings. Such works include replacing loose or broken roof tiles, gutters, down pipes and inspection of soil drainage systems. Also, testing all fire extinguishers, cleaning out ducts and air conditioning units, servicing lift and decorating and cleaning sections of the building interior are all needed in the building maintenance. cyclical maintenance starting with daily routines and working up which involves periodic programs of daily, weekly, monthly, semiannual, annual test and every five year routines. For the every five year routines, it is the responsibility of architect or surveyor to checking any structural defects. The long term maintenance plan should be revised and updated after each checking. Any attention to the building defects should also be studied for the next report presented. Some of the tasks that the architect or the surveyor should look in the checking are cleaning out all void and spaces, checking lighting, inspecting and testing electric installation, checking any sign of abnormal deterioration and cleaning out gutters of leaves and plants. Planned maintenance gives the owners and the property managers more time to prepare for the works and, more importantly, to secure the necessary funding. It usually starts out by a thorough condition survey to assess the current situations, identify the full extent of works required and lay down the level of expectation. Considerations include execution programs, standard of performance and reliability, as well as maintenance budget and life cycles of certain elements and facilities. Daily maintenance of essential features such as cleaning of surface water channels to avoid blockage of drains, servicing of small factors of equipment or easily wearable items such as childrens play furniture are essential to ensure safe and smooth operation. A detailed plan for maintenance to be carried out everyday should be drawn up as per the equipment suppliers recommendations, needs and expectations of the owners. Regular maintenance is the best way to ensure the continued protection and future use of a building. Such work is part of the day today responsibility of all owner occupiers. Maintenance is most effective when carried out regularly, on a planned cycle. Not only should planned maintenance extend the life and preserve the appearance of your building and designed landscape, but it is most beneficial in protection terms because less historic fabric is lost in regular, minimal and small scale work than in disruptive and extensive repairs. Good maintenance needs the regular investment of small amounts of time and money, but the cost of preparing and carrying out a planned maintenance program should be far less than the costs resulting from a series of unplanned major repairs, and it will help you to plan your future financial commitments needs. In such a case, a report containing information of updated maintenance and repair work, photos, drawings and recommendations should be prepared by a qualified expert. This is to certify that the report will be a valuable source of reference for those responsible for a building now and in the future. However, to secure the general structural stability and life of a building, it is important to regularly inspect not only the main structural elements including foundations, walls and roofs. Proper planned, design and reactive methods and techniques of building repairs and good maintenance programs are equally important. It is a duty of owners, architects, local authorities and the public to see that an historic building is handed on to the next generation in good condition. 2.2 relationships between design, construction, maintenance and the causes of dilapidation There have many reasons for the building dilapidation. In first chapter, we have discussed about the building and building services deterioration factors. After that, we talk about the need of the planned, cyclical and reactive maintenance program for building through the second chapter. Now we are going to discuss about the relationship between design, construction, maintenance and the dilapidation of building. 2.2.1 Design Before begin the any kind of construction, there should be a detailed design, drawings and specifications. Otherwise, we cannot start the construction. Because we do not know how the building looks like, what the shape of the building, what are the features and etc. therefore there must is a design for any building. This design will show the buildings substructure up to superstructure. It means, design will show the buildings foundation up to roof. So this design is very important to the every building. Also, this design may cause to the building dilapidation. So, designers have to prepare the design very carefully. Therefore building design directly affect to the building maintenance cost. Now a day we have seen fancy buildings in every country than the old rectangular shape buildings. In present, everyone likes to fancy and beautiful buildings. When we construct those fancy buildings, there must have good designed foundation, colorful claddings, roof and etc. but that foundation may not suitable for hold the load of the building. That will help to the building dilapidation. Also there must be beautiful interior decorations and things for inside the building. So, when we use fancy design things to our building, we should have planned, cyclical and reactive maintenance program for those things. As an example, if any building uses glasses instead for the building cladding, owner has to maintain that at right time period. Otherwise, if owner does not consider about the maintenance of glass, that glasses will face to the dilapidation before the maximum usage of that glasses. Therefore owner has to hold big cost for the maintenance. But if he uses another material for cladding, no need to spent big cost for the maintenance. According to the above factors, we can understand the designing is cause for the building dilapidation. 2.2.2 Construction Among this section, we try to discuss about the relationship between construction and dilapidation. Mainly construction will cause to the building dilapidation than the design. When we construct any building, we have to use design, drawings and specifications. In that case, if contractor not use those documents properly for the construction, that construction may not be successful. Also it is not a safe place to live or working. As an example, if specification says the foundation depth should be 10m. But contractor may not consider following that and if he put the foundation 8m depth, that building will dilapidation quickly. Because that foundation cannot bear the live load of the entire building. So, foundation may crack after several years. So, we cannot expect the maximum lifetime the building according to the specification. The result of the not following specifications properly during the construction may affect to dilapidation. During the construction going on, there have large probability to happen the mistakes from workers. So, those mistakes will be the reason for the buildings dilapidation. As an example, if labors not laying properly the steel bar for the slab, that slab may not be able to well accuracy. Also if reinforcement columns are not dead vertically, that building structure will be going wrong. Therefore, this is another way to happen building dilapidation. Maintenance also the one factor for building dilapidation. Dilapidation and deterioration depend on the maintenance program. Therefore we have not any particular point to talk about the reasons of dilapidation by the poor maintenance. So, we had discusses about this topic from between above chapters. 3.0 Conclusions Identifying common building problems and understanding of building materials explained in this report is considered as part of the process of protect and managing historic buildings. Most buildings today are constructed of reinforced concrete. Although this material requires the low maintenance of all common building materials to get the maximum duration its useful life beyond its estimated design life of 60 years is the most difficult. Between the various causes for deterioration in buildings, moisture is the most common and harmful reason. So, keeping the building dry. Then we can get the maximum life time of that building. Building repair and maintenance require sufficient supervision of an experienced person to ensure that the work is carried out to a satisfactory. All repair and maintenance should be recorded, photographed and documented for future building maintenance.